TSPSC Group-I Paper-II History, Culture and Geography
TSPSC Group-I Paper-II History, Culture and Geography
TSPSC Group-I Paper-II History, Culture and Geography is a compulsory paper in the TSPSC Group-I Mains exam. The paper aims to test the candidate's knowledge in the areas of social and cultural history of Telangana, Telangana economy, Telangana geography, and current affairs related to Telangana. In this paper, candidates are expected to demonstrate a deep understanding of the historical and cultural aspects of Telangana, its geography, and the economic conditions of the region.
Here is a detailed breakdown of the topics covered in the TSPSC Group-I Paper-II History, Culture and Geography:
Social and Cultural History of Telangana: In this section, candidates are expected to have a thorough knowledge of the history and culture of Telangana, including the various dynasties that ruled the region, the significant events in the history of Telangana, and the contribution of the region to art, literature, and culture. This section also includes topics such as the Telangana movement, the struggle for a separate state, and the formation of Telangana as a separate state.
Telangana Geography: In this section, candidates are expected to have knowledge of the geography of Telangana, including its topography, climate, and natural resources. The section also covers the major rivers, forests, and wildlife of Telangana.
Current Affairs related to Telangana: This section covers the current affairs related to Telangana, including the latest developments in the state, government policies, and schemes, and initiatives taken by the state government to promote development.
To prepare for this paper, candidates should have a thorough understanding of the history, culture, and geography of Telangana. They should also stay updated on the latest developments in the state and the initiatives taken by the government to promote development. Reading Telugu newspapers, history books, and keeping track of government policies and schemes related to Telangana can help in preparation for this paper.
Candidates should also practice writing answers to previous year question papers, which will help them understand the pattern of the exam and the type of questions asked. They should also focus on developing their writing skills, as the paper requires the ability to express ideas coherently and logically. A good understanding of the topics covered in this paper will help candidates score well in this section of the TSPSC Group-I Mains exam.
The TSPSC Group-I Paper-II History, Culture and Geography covers a wide range of topics related to the history, culture, and geography of Telangana. Some of the major topics covered in this paper include:
Ancient and Medieval History of India
Modern Indian History and the Indian National Movement
Telangana History, Society and Culture
Geography of India and Telangana
To prepare for this paper, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the above-mentioned topics. You can refer to NCERT books, standard reference books, and online resources to cover these topics in-depth. Additionally, you can also take mock tests and solve previous year question papers to assess your knowledge and identify areas where you need to improve.
The modern period of Indian history spans from the mid-18th century to the year of Indian independence, 1947. This period was marked by significant political, economic, social, and cultural changes that had a profound impact on the Indian subcontinent. Here is an overview of the major events and movements that shaped the history and culture of India during this period:
British Rule in India (1757-1947):
The British East India Company arrived in India in 1757 and gradually established their control over various parts of India. In 1858, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Crown took over the administration of India, and India became a British colony until its independence in 1947.
Indian National Movement:
The Indian National Movement was a political movement that aimed to achieve independence from British rule. It began in the late 19th century and continued until 1947. The movement was characterized by several mass protests, non-violent civil disobedience, and boycotts of British goods and institutions. Some of the prominent leaders of the Indian National Movement were Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and Subhas Chandra Bose.
Socio-Religious Reforms:
Several socio-religious reform movements emerged during the modern period, which aimed to bring about social and cultural changes in Indian society. Some of the prominent reformers were Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Vivekananda, and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. They worked towards abolishing social evils like the caste system, child marriage, and sati, and also promoted education, women's rights, and interfaith harmony.
Economic Changes:
The modern period saw significant economic changes in India, such as the introduction of railways, telegraph, and postal services, and the growth of industries and trade. However, British economic policies often exploited Indian resources and caused widespread poverty and economic disparities.
Partition of India:
In 1947, India gained independence from British rule, but it was also divided into two separate countries, India and Pakistan. The partition was marked by widespread violence and mass migration of people across the newly drawn borders, resulting in the deaths of millions.
British Rule in India (1757-1947):
The British East India Company arrived in India in 1757 and gradually established their control over various parts of India. In 1858, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Crown took over the administration of India, and India became a British colony until its independence in 1947.
The modern period of Indian history witnessed significant developments and changes that continue to shape India's culture and society today. It is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of these events and their impact to appreciate India's rich cultural and historical heritage.
The British East India Company arrived in India in 1600 and gradually expanded its presence in India through a series of trading posts and alliances with local rulers. However, it was not until the Battle of Plassey in 1757 that the company was able to establish its control over the Bengal region. Over the next few decades, the company gradually expanded its territory and influence in India, through both military conquest and diplomacy.
The Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny, was a major uprising against British rule in India, which began in Meerut on May 10, 1857, and quickly spread to other parts of the country. The rebellion was triggered by a number of factors, including growing resentment among Indian soldiers (known as sepoys) over British attempts to impose their culture and values on Indian society, as well as economic exploitation and political oppression.
The British were initially caught off guard by the rebellion, but they were ultimately able to crush the rebellion with the help of reinforcements from Britain and other parts of the British Empire. In 1858, the British Crown took over the administration of India from the East India Company, and India became a British colony until its independence in 1947. This period of British rule in India was marked by both economic exploitation and the introduction of modern institutions and infrastructure, which had a profound impact on India's history and culture.
Indian National Movement:
The Indian National Movement was a political movement that aimed to achieve independence from British rule. It began in the late 19th century and continued until 1947. The movement was characterized by several mass protests, non-violent civil disobedience, and boycotts of British goods and institutions. Some of the prominent leaders of the Indian National Movement were Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and Subhas Chandra Bose.
The Indian National Movement was a political and social movement that aimed to achieve independence from British rule and establish a free and democratic India. It was a long and complex struggle that began in the late 19th century and continued until 1947, when India finally achieved independence. Here are some of the key features and leaders of the Indian National Movement:
Mass Protests and Civil Disobedience: The Indian National Movement was characterized by a series of mass protests, civil disobedience campaigns, and boycotts of British goods and institutions. These protests were aimed at raising public awareness about the injustices of British rule and forcing the British authorities to concede to the demands of the Indian people.
Non-Violent Resistance: The Indian National Movement was inspired by the philosophy of non-violent resistance, as espoused by Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi's non-violent approach to resistance, which he called Satyagraha, emphasized the power of moral force and the importance of passive resistance in achieving political change.
Prominent Leaders: The Indian National Movement was led by a number of prominent leaders, including Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and Subhas Chandra Bose. These leaders played a key role in organizing mass movements, articulating the demands of the Indian people, and negotiating with the British authorities.
Achievements: The Indian National Movement achieved several important milestones in its struggle for independence, including the Salt Satyagraha of 1930, the Quit India Movement of 1942, and the establishment of the Indian National Congress in 1885.
The Indian National Movement was a significant chapter in India's history, and it had a profound impact on the political, social, and cultural development of the country.
Socio-Religious Reforms:
Several socio-religious reform movements emerged during the modern period, which aimed to bring about social and cultural changes in Indian society. Some of the prominent reformers were Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Vivekananda, and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. They worked towards abolishing social evils like the caste system, child marriage, and sati, and also promoted education, women's rights, and interfaith harmony.
The modern period of Indian history saw the emergence of several socio-religious reform movements that aimed to challenge traditional customs and practices and promote social and cultural changes in Indian society. Here are some of the prominent reformers and their contributions:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833): He was a social reformer and intellectual who worked towards the abolition of social evils like the caste system, sati, and polygamy. He also founded the Brahmo Samaj, a reformist Hindu movement that aimed to promote monotheism and rationalism in religion.
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar (1820-1891): He was a social reformer who worked towards promoting education, particularly for girls and women. He also advocated for the abolition of child marriage and widow remarriage.
Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902): He was a spiritual leader and philosopher who played a key role in the revival of Hinduism and the promotion of interfaith harmony. He also emphasized the importance of education and self-reliance in the development of Indian society.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (1891-1956): He was a social reformer and politician who worked towards the abolition of the caste system and the promotion of the rights of marginalized communities like Dalits (formerly known as "untouchables"). He was also a key architect of the Indian Constitution and played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.
These reformers and their movements had a profound impact on Indian society and culture, and their ideas and values continue to shape India's social and political landscape today.
Economic Changes:
The modern period saw significant economic changes in India, such as the introduction of railways, telegraph, and postal services, and the growth of industries and trade. However, British economic policies often exploited Indian resources and caused widespread poverty and economic disparities.
The modern period of Indian history saw significant economic changes, including the introduction of new technologies and the growth of industries and trade. However, these changes were often accompanied by economic exploitation and disparities due to the policies of the British colonial government. Here are some of the key economic changes that occurred during the modern period:
Introduction of Railways, Telegraph, and Postal Services: The British colonial government introduced several new technologies and services that revolutionized transportation, communication, and trade in India. These included the railway system, telegraph, and postal services, which helped connect different parts of the country and facilitate the movement of people and goods.
Growth of Industries and Trade: The modern period saw the growth of several industries, such as textiles, jute, and steel, as well as the development of international trade. These industries and trade networks played an important role in the economic development of India and contributed to its integration into the global economy.
Economic Exploitation and Disparities: Despite these economic developments, the policies of the British colonial government often resulted in the exploitation of Indian resources and widespread poverty and economic disparities. These policies included land reforms, taxation policies, and trade regulations that favored British interests over those of the Indian people.
Economic Nationalism: In response to these exploitative policies, several economic nationalist movements emerged during the modern period, such as the Swadeshi movement and the boycott of British goods. These movements aimed to promote Indian industries and trade and reduce the country's dependence on British economic policies.
Overall, the economic changes of the modern period had a significant impact on India's economy and society, and their legacy continues to shape India's economic policies and development strategies today.
Partition of India:
In 1947, India gained independence from British rule, but it was also divided into two separate countries, India and Pakistan. The partition was marked by widespread violence and mass migration of people across the newly drawn borders, resulting in the deaths of millions.
The partition of India was a major event that occurred in 1947, when India gained independence from British rule. The British colonial government had announced its intention to divide India into two separate countries - India and Pakistan - based on religious lines. This decision was met with widespread opposition and violence, and it resulted in one of the largest mass migrations of people in history. Here are some of the key features of the partition of India:
Religious Divisions: The partition of India was based on religious divisions, with India being primarily Hindu and Pakistan being primarily Muslim. This decision was controversial and sparked widespread violence and opposition, as millions of people were forced to leave their homes and migrate to the new countries based on their religious identity.
Violence and Mass Migration: The partition was marked by widespread violence, including communal riots, massacres, and forced conversions. Millions of people were displaced and forced to migrate across the newly drawn borders, resulting in the deaths of millions of people.
Political and Economic Consequences: The partition had significant political and economic consequences for India and Pakistan, as the two countries struggled to establish themselves as independent nations. It also had a profound impact on the social and cultural fabric of the region, as communities were divided along religious lines and forced to confront the legacy of colonialism and imperialism.
The partition of India remains a controversial and divisive topic, and its legacy continues to shape the political and social dynamics of the region today.
History and Cultural Heritage of Telangana
Telangana is a state located in southern India, and it has a rich history and cultural heritage that dates back to ancient times. The region was ruled by various dynasties over the centuries, and it was a significant center of culture, art, and education. In this answer, we will explore the history and cultural heritage of Telangana.
Ancient Times:
Telangana's history dates back to the 6th century BCE when the Satavahanas ruled the region. They were followed by the Ikshvakus, the Vishnukundins, the Kakatiyas, and the Musunuri Nayaks. The Kakatiya dynasty, which ruled from the 12th to the 14th century, was a significant period in Telangana's history. The Kakatiyas built several magnificent monuments, including the Warangal Fort, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Medieval Period:
The medieval period saw the rule of the Qutb Shahi dynasty and the Asaf Jahi dynasty. The Qutb Shahi dynasty, which ruled from the 16th to the 17th century, was known for its patronage of art and culture. The Golconda Fort, Charminar, and the Qutb Shahi Tombs are some of the significant monuments built during this period. The Asaf Jahi dynasty, which ruled from the 18th to the 20th century, was known for its administrative reforms and cultural patronage. The Chowmahalla Palace, Falaknuma Palace, and Osmania University are some of the significant monuments built during this period.
Modern Times:
In 1948, Telangana became a part of the Indian Union, and in 1956, it became a part of Andhra Pradesh. In 2014, Telangana became a separate state, and it has been developing rapidly ever since. The state is known for its IT industry, and Hyderabad, the state capital, is a major IT hub.
Culture and Heritage:
Telangana has a rich cultural heritage, and it is known for its classical dance forms, music, and cuisine. The state's traditional dance forms include Kuchipudi, Perini Shivatandavam, and the Telangana Folk Dance. The state is also known for its music, which includes the classical Carnatic music and the traditional Telugu music. The cuisine of Telangana is a blend of Mughalai, Telugu, and Hyderabadi cuisines and is famous for its biryani, haleem, and kebabs.
In conclusion, Telangana has a rich history and cultural heritage that dates back to ancient times. The state's monuments, dance forms, music, and cuisine are a testament to the region's vibrant culture and traditions.
Ancient Times:
Telangana's history dates back to the 6th century BCE when the Satavahanas ruled the region. They were followed by the Ikshvakus, the Vishnukundins, the Kakatiyas, and the Musunuri Nayaks. The Kakatiya dynasty, which ruled from the 12th to the 14th century, was a significant period in Telangana's history. The Kakatiyas built several magnificent monuments, including the Warangal Fort, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
To add more information, the Satavahanas were a prominent dynasty that ruled over a vast area of South India, including Telangana, from the 2nd century BCE to the 3rd century CE. They were known for their administrative skills and patronage of Buddhism. The Ikshvakus were a dynasty that ruled over parts of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana from the 3rd to the 4th century CE. They were great patrons of art and literature, and their rule was marked by the construction of several impressive Buddhist stupas and temples.
The Vishnukundins were a dynasty that ruled over parts of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh from the 5th to the 7th century CE. They were known for their patronage of Hinduism and the construction of several important Hindu temples. The Kakatiya dynasty, which ruled from the 12th to the 14th century CE, was a prominent dynasty that ruled over parts of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. The Kakatiyas were known for their military prowess, administrative skills, and patronage of art and architecture. The Warangal Fort, the Ramappa Temple, and the Thousand Pillar Temple are some of the magnificent monuments built during the Kakatiya period. The Musunuri Nayaks were a dynasty that ruled over parts of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh in the 14th century CE. They were known for their role in the liberation of Telugu-speaking areas from the rule of the Delhi Sultanate.
Medieval Period:
The medieval period saw the rule of the Qutb Shahi dynasty and the Asaf Jahi dynasty. The Qutb Shahi dynasty, which ruled from the 16th to the 17th century, was known for its patronage of art and culture. The Golconda Fort, Charminar, and the Qutb Shahi Tombs are some of the significant monuments built during this period. The Asaf Jahi dynasty, which ruled from the 18th to the 20th century, was known for its administrative reforms and cultural patronage. The Chowmahalla Palace, Falaknuma Palace, and Osmania University are some of the significant monuments built during this period.
To provide more information, the Qutb Shahi dynasty was a Muslim dynasty that ruled the Golconda Sultanate, which encompassed parts of present-day Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, from 1518 to 1687. They were known for their patronage of art, literature, and architecture. The Golconda Fort, which served as the dynasty's capital, is a massive citadel that was built in the 16th century and served as a center of power for several centuries. The Charminar, a monument located in the heart of Hyderabad, was built in 1591 and is considered an iconic symbol of the city. The Qutb Shahi Tombs, located in the Ibrahim Bagh complex near the Golconda Fort, are a group of tombs built for the dynasty's rulers and their family members.
The Asaf Jahi dynasty, also known as the Nizams of Hyderabad, was a Muslim dynasty that ruled Hyderabad State, which encompassed Telangana, parts of Maharashtra, and Karnataka, from 1724 to 1948. They were known for their administrative reforms and patronage of art and culture. The Chowmahalla Palace, located in the heart of Hyderabad, was the dynasty's seat of power and served as the center of administration for several decades. The Falaknuma Palace, located on a hilltop overlooking Hyderabad, is a magnificent palace that was built in the late 19th century and served as a residence for the Nizams. Osmania University, located in Hyderabad, was established in 1918 and is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in India. The university is known for its academic excellence and its contributions to Telangana's cultural and intellectual life.
Modern Times:
In 1948, Telangana became a part of the Indian Union, and in 1956, it became a part of Andhra Pradesh. In 2014, Telangana became a separate state, and it has been developing rapidly ever since. The state is known for its IT industry, and Hyderabad, the state capital, is a major IT hub.
To add more information, Telangana became a part of the Indian Union on September 17, 1948, after the Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, surrendered to the Indian army. Initially, Telangana was a part of Hyderabad State, which included present-day Telangana, parts of Maharashtra, and Karnataka. In 1956, Telangana was merged with Andhra State to form the state of Andhra Pradesh, with Hyderabad as the capital.
In 2014, Telangana was carved out of Andhra Pradesh to become India's 29th state, with Hyderabad as its capital. The state has made significant progress in the areas of infrastructure development, education, and healthcare since its formation. The state's economy has been growing rapidly, driven by the IT and IT-enabled services sector. Hyderabad, the state capital, is home to several major IT companies and is one of India's top IT hubs.
Apart from IT, Telangana's economy is also driven by industries such as pharmaceuticals, textiles, and food processing. The state has a rich cultural heritage, with a vibrant mix of Telugu, Urdu, and Hindi cultures. The state is known for its traditional handicrafts such as Pochampally Ikat, Bidriware, and Nirmal paintings, which have gained recognition at the national and international levels.
In recent years, the state government has been actively promoting tourism, with a focus on heritage and eco-tourism. The state's tourism sector is known for its historical monuments, such as the Charminar and Golconda Fort, and its natural attractions such as the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam and the Kuntala Waterfall.
Culture and Heritage:
Telangana has a rich cultural heritage, and it is known for its classical dance forms, music, and cuisine. The state's traditional dance forms include Kuchipudi, Perini Shivatandavam, and the Telangana Folk Dance. The state is also known for its music, which includes the classical Carnatic music and the traditional Telugu music. The cuisine of Telangana is a blend of Mughalai, Telugu, and Hyderabadi cuisines and is famous for its biryani, haleem, and kebabs.
To add more information, Telangana has a diverse and vibrant cultural heritage that reflects its history and traditions. The state's culture is a blend of Telugu, Urdu, and Hindi cultures, with influences from the Mughal, British, and Nizam periods. Some of the prominent cultural elements of Telangana are:
Classical dance forms: Telangana is known for its classical dance forms, such as Kuchipudi, which originated in the state and is one of the eight Indian classical dances recognized by the Sangeet Natak Akademi. Other classical dance forms include Perini Shivatandavam, which is a martial dance form, and Andhra Natyam, which is a blend of Kuchipudi and Bharatanatyam.
Folk art forms: Telangana has a rich tradition of folk art forms, such as Bonalu, Bathukamma, and Dappu. Bonalu is a festival celebrated in Hyderabad and Secunderabad, where women carry pots of food offerings to the local goddess temples. Bathukamma is a floral festival celebrated during Navaratri, where women create colorful flower arrangements in the shape of a conical mound. Dappu is a percussion instrument that is used in folk dances and songs.
Music: Telangana's music tradition is a blend of classical Carnatic music and traditional Telugu music. The state has produced several renowned musicians, such as Thyagaraja, Shyama Sastri, and M. Balamuralikrishna. The state is also known for its Qawwali music, which has been popularized by the Sufi saint Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya.
Cuisine: Telangana's cuisine is a blend of Mughalai, Telugu, and Hyderabadi cuisines. The state is known for its biryani, which is a rice dish made with meat or vegetables, spices, and saffron. Haleem, which is a slow-cooked meat dish, and kebabs, which are grilled meat dishes, are also popular in the state. The state is also known for its sweets, such as double ka meetha, which is a bread pudding, and qubani ka meetha, which is a dessert made with dried apricots.
Telangana's cultural heritage is a source of pride for its people and has contributed to the state's rich and diverse identity.
Geography of India and Telangana main features in points
Here are the main features of the geography of India and Telangana in points:
Geography of India:
India is a large country located in South Asia and is the seventh-largest country in the world by land area.
The country has a diverse topography, with the Himalayas in the north, the Thar Desert in the west, and the Deccan Plateau in the south.
The country has several major rivers, including the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, and the Indus, which play a crucial role in agriculture and the economy.
The country has a varied climate, ranging from tropical in the south to alpine in the north.
India's geography is vast and diverse, with a wide range of landscapes and climate zones that contribute to its rich cultural and natural heritage. Here's an elaborate description of India's geography:
Topography:
India has a varied topography, with the Himalayas in the north, the Thar Desert in the west, and the Deccan Plateau in the south.
The Himalayan mountain range spans over 2,400 km and is home to some of the highest peaks in the world, including Mount Everest, K2, and Kangchenjunga.
The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, covers an area of about 200,000 square km in the northwest part of India.
The Deccan Plateau is a large elevated region covering most of southern India, with an average elevation of about 600 meters.
Rivers:
India has several major rivers, including the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, and the Indus, which play a crucial role in agriculture and the economy.
The Ganges River, also known as the Ganga, is one of the most sacred rivers in India and is revered by Hindus as a goddess.
The Brahmaputra River, which originates in Tibet, flows through northeastern India before merging with the Ganges and emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
The Indus River flows through the western part of India before entering Pakistan and ultimately emptying into the Arabian Sea.
Climate:
India has a varied climate, ranging from tropical in the south to alpine in the north.
The southern part of India, including coastal regions, has a tropical climate with high humidity and heavy rainfall during the monsoon season.
The northern part of India has a sub-tropical climate, with cold winters and hot summers.
The Himalayan region in the north experiences an alpine climate with cold temperatures and heavy snowfall during the winter months.
In addition to these features, India is also home to a rich variety of flora and fauna, with several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries located throughout the country. The country's geography has played a significant role in shaping its history, culture, and economy.
Geography of Telangana:
Telangana is a state located in the southern part of India and is bordered by Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.
The state has a varied topography, with the Eastern Ghats in the east, the Deccan Plateau in the central region, and the Satpura Range in the north.
The Godavari and Krishna rivers flow through the state, providing irrigation and a source of drinking water.
The state has a semi-arid climate, with hot summers and moderate winters. The rainfall is mostly concentrated in the monsoon season.
Telangana is located in the central region of the Deccan Plateau and covers an area of 114,840 square kilometers. The state's topography is characterized by a series of plateaus and hills that are part of the Eastern Ghats, the Deccan Plateau, and the Satpura Range.
The Eastern Ghats run along the eastern edge of the state and consist of a series of hills and plateaus. The highest peak in the state is located in the Eastern Ghats and is called the Mahendragiri peak.
The Deccan Plateau covers the central and southern parts of the state and is characterized by a series of flat-topped hills and plateaus. The plateau is home to several major river systems, including the Godavari and Krishna rivers, which are the primary sources of irrigation and drinking water for the state.
The Satpura Range lies in the northern part of the state and is characterized by a series of steep hills and ridges. The range acts as a natural barrier and separates Telangana from Maharashtra.
The Godavari River flows through the eastern part of the state, and the Krishna River flows through the western part of the state. Both rivers are crucial sources of water for agriculture, and several large irrigation projects have been developed along their course.
Telangana has a semi-arid climate, with hot summers and moderate winters. The state receives most of its rainfall during the monsoon season, which lasts from June to September. The average annual rainfall in the state ranges from 700 mm to 1000 mm, with the western part of the state receiving more rainfall than the eastern part. The state is prone to droughts, and several large-scale irrigation projects have been developed to mitigate the impact of droughts on agriculture.
Some other notable features of Telangana's geography include:
The state has several wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, such as the Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary and the Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary.
The state is rich in mineral resources, including coal, iron ore, and limestone.
The state is also known for its lakes and reservoirs, such as the Hussain Sagar Lake and the Nagarjuna Sagar Reservoir, which are popular tourist destinations.